Reinforce FUTURE-READY RESILIENCE
Risk Management
The Bank is committed to strengthening the preparedness and resilience of its risk management processes by proactively identifying, managing and responding to emerging risks and disruptions across the entire value chain of the Bank, its counterparties, and customers. In parallel, the Bank ensures that its capital adequacy is at an appropriate and sufficient level to maintain strong financial stability and support sustainable business growth.
The Bank has established effective risk management policies and processes in line with international standards. Its risk appetite is based on the principle of balancing expected returns with potential risks. These policies are aligned with the strategy of becoming a Bank of Sustainability and take into account impacts on the Bank’s capital adequacy and liquidity, particularly under stress or crisis conditions. Additionally, the Bank has determined sub indicators across various risks, both qualitative and quantitative, and established risk control guidelines, while also adjusting business strategies to ensure that they are effective within the defined risk appetite. The Bank reviews and assesses its risk management policies and processes at least annually, or whenever there are significant changes.
Risk Management Process
The Bank has in place a risk management process that comprises risk identification, assessment, monitoring, control, and reporting, as follows:
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Risk Identification
Analyze risk indicators by considering relevant risks both internal and external to the Bank, covering environmental, social, and governance (ESG) factors, together with assessments of potential emerging risks that may arise in the future. -
Risk Assessment
Establish appropriate tools and methodologies for risk assessment, under a process of risk review, approval, and reassessment, within an appropriate timeframe. -
Risk Monitoring and Control
Monitor and control operations on a continuous and regular basis to ensure that operations are in line with the risk policies and risk appetite approved by the Bank’s Board of Directors. -
Risk Reporting
Establish risk reporting guidelines that are comprehensive across multiple dimensions and timely, in order to ensure the highest effectiveness in risk management.
Risk Management in various aspects
The Bank places importance on comprehensive risk management across all dimensions and is committed to continuously enhancing and improving its risk management practices. Key risk areas include credit risk, market risk, liquidity risk, operational risk, reputational risk, digital risk, strategic risk, and climate change risk. Further details can be found in the Bank’s 2025 Annual Registration Statement (Form 56-1 One Report), Part 1: Business Operations and Performance, under the section on Risk Management, as well as other related reports.
Credit Risk Management
The Bank has established a credit management structure that takes into account a system of checks and balances across all relevant units while continuously fostering a strong work discipline and culture. This includes defining credit policies and processes, desirable and undesirable credit practices, along with communication channels. Training and regular refreshers on credit-related knowledge are regularly provided to operating officers. Additionally, the Bank has put in place monitoring processes and reporting to the credit operations review working group to consider improvements to credit policies and processes, as well as management approaches in cases of non-compliance with the prescribed criteria.
The Bank has established a credit risk management process that takes into account environmental, social and governance impacts, with particular emphasis on climate change risks. These factors are incorporated into credit underwriting and the assessment of impacts on the Bank’s credit portfolio management. In this regard, the Bank has adopted international best practices to set credit underwriting criteria covering both corporate loans and project finance, as well as investments in debt instruments by defining the Exclusion List* and establishing Sector-Specific Guidelines*. Moreover, appropriate risk management measures are applied to high-risk business customer segments, with specialists assigned to monitor and review the management of environmental and social impacts within customers’ business operations. This ensures that the Bank’s credit risk management aligns with international standards and that the credit it supports effectively addresses environmental and social impacts. These efforts aim to support the stable growth of business customers and generate sustainable returns for all stakeholders.
The Bank regularly reviews and updates its policies and criteria for assessing ESG risks used in credit under-writing to ensure alignment with concerns towards social and environmental impacts. Additionally, ESG factors have been integrated into the Know Your Customer (KYC) and Customer Due Diligence (CDD) processes, to enhance operational effectiveness.
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Environmental and Social Management System (ESMS) FOR IFC GREEN BOND SUBSCRIPTION
KBank has established an Environmental and Social Management System (ESMS) as an integral part of the Bank’s sustainable finance and risk management framework. The ESMS is designed to systematically identify, assess, manage, and monitor environmental and social (E&S) risks and impacts specifically to support financing activities under the IFC Green Bond.
KBank’s ESMS is developed in alignment with international best practices based on IFC Performance Standards, and supports the Bank’s commitment to responsible banking and sustainable development.
Under the ESMS, KBank applies a structured approach to: screen and categorize projects based on their potential environmental and social risk levels, conduct appropriate environmental and social due diligence proportionate to the nature, scale, and complexity of the project, define environmental and social requirements and conditions as part of the credit approval process, and, monitor environmental and social performance.
The ESMS also incorporates governance arrangements, internal roles and responsibilities, and reporting mechanisms to ensure effective oversight and continual improvement. Through the implementation of the ESMS, KBank aims to mitigate potential adverse environmental and social impacts, promote positive sustainability outcomes, and support the transition toward a low‑carbon and climate‑resilient economy.
Read more on KBank’s Environmental and Social Management System (ESMS).
